Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a University PopulationDifferences Between Faculty, Administrative Staff and Students

  1. Mar Lozano-Casanova 1
  2. José Miguel Martínez-Sanz 1
  3. Isabel Sospedra 1
  4. José Antonio Hurtado 1
  5. Rocío Ortiz-Moncada 1
  6. Ana Laguna-Pérez 1
  7. Aurora Norte 1
  1. 1 University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
Journal:
Revista española de nutrición humana y dietética

ISSN: 2173-1292

Year of publication: 2023

Volume: 27

Issue: 2

Pages: 135-143

Type: Article

DOI: 10.14306/RENHYD.27.2.1895 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: Revista española de nutrición humana y dietética

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, 31% of deaths are attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). There are many factors that can influence CVD that can be useful for determining if a population is at risk; these factors include stress, occupation, and lifestyle. Objective: to identify and compare the prevalence of CVD risk factors among those attending a university clinic for nutritional advice.Methodology: The sample of this cross-sectional study included the teaching and research staff (Faculty), people working in administration and services (ASS) and students. The risk factors of obesity/overweight, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes type 2, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking were quantified for 98 university students, faculty and staff.Results: It was found that 80% of the sample had one or more of the CVD risks, furthermore, more than 50% had over three of the risk factors. Those particularly at risk were the individuals within the Faculty group with a (p<0.05) prevalence of having three of the risk components compared to the rest of the population. However, those within the ASS group were identified to live a more sedentary lifestyle compared to the Faculty (p<0.05). Within this sample population differences could be found for the prevalence of CVD risk factors.Conclusions: To be able to provide preventative measures and protect those who are most vulnerable it is crucial to be able to pinpoint these differences within a population.Funding: M. Lozano-Casanova are supported by a FPU grant number: FPU21/04232 by the Ministerio de Universidades.

Bibliographic References

  • (1) Roth GA, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, et al. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Mortalidad global, regional y nacional específica por edad y sexo por 282 causas de muerte en 195 países y territorios, 1980-2017: un análisis sistemático para el Estudio de la carga mundial de la enfermedad 2017. 2018, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32203-7.
  • (2) Risk factors. World Heart Federation. s.f., Disponible en: https://www.world-heart-federation.org/resources/risk-factors/.
  • (3) Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, Carballo D, Koskinas KC, Bäck M, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(34):3227-337, doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab484.
  • (4) Guía ESC 2016 sobre prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular en la práctica clínica. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2016;69(10):939-939, doi: 10.1016/j.recesp.2016.09.004.
  • (5) Ischemic Heart Disease | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). [accedido 18 febrero 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/ischemic-heart-disease.
  • (6) Reynolds LM, Zamora C, Lee UJ, Stokes AC, Benjamin EJ, Bhatnagar A, et al. Tobacco Use Prevalence and Transitions From 2013 to 2018 Among Adults With a History of Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(12):e021118, doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.021118.
  • (7) Maugeri A, Kunzova S, Medina-Inojosa JR, Agodi A, Barchitta M, Homolka M, et al. Association between eating time interval and frequency with ideal cardiovascular health: Results from a random sample Czech urban population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.002.
  • (8) Agodi A, Maugeri A, Kunzova S, Sochor O, Bauerova H, Kiacova N, et al. Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome: Results from the Kardiovize Brno 2030 Study. Nutrients. 2018;10(7), doi: 10.3390/nu10070898.
  • (9) Chen J-D, Cheng T-J, Lin Y-C, Hsiao S-T Job categories and acute ischemic heart disease: a hospital-based, case-control study in Taiwan. Am J Ind Med. 2007;50(6):409-14, doi: 10.1002/ajim.20462.
  • (10) Mnich C. Is there Europeanization of physical activity promotion? - A neofunctional approach. Health Policy. 2019;123(3):317-26, doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2019.01.004.
  • (11) Peña Quimbaya E, Colina Gallo E, Gómez V, Cecilia A PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PERSONNEL OF THE UNIVERSIDAD DE CALDAS, COLOMBIA. Hacia la Promoción de la Salud. 2009;14(2):53-66.
  • (12) Sawyer A, Smith L, Ucci M, Jones R, Marmot A, Fisher A Perceived office environments and occupational physical activity in office-based workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2017;67(4):260-7, doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqx022.
  • (13) Lee D, Kim H, Myong J, Choi J, Hong Y, Kang M Does working long hours increase the risk of cardiovascular disease for everyone? J Occup Health. 2019;61(6):431-41, doi: 10.1002/1348-9585.12069.
  • (14) Virtanen M, Heikkilä K, Jokela M, Ferrie JE, Batty GD, Vahtera J, et al. Long working hours and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(7):586-96, doi: 10.1093/aje/kws139.
  • (15) Sara JD, Prasad M, Eleid MF, Zhang M, Widmer RJ, Lerman A Association Between Work-Related Stress and Coronary Heart Disease: A Review of Prospective Studies Through the Job Strain, Effort-Reward Balance, and Organizational Justice Models. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(9):e008073, doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.008073.
  • (16) Borhanuddin B, Ahmad N, Shah SA, Murad NAA, Zakaria SZS, Kamaruddin MA, et al. Association of job sectors with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and obesity: a cross-sectional study from the Malaysian Cohort (TMC) project. Int Health. 2018;10(5):382-90, doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihx075.
  • (17) Flores M, Meyer L, Jorquera P, Castro P, Saravia C, Galdames C, et al. Consumption of Deep-Fried Food and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors among First-Year Students in a Chilean University. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2021;2021:e5591662, doi: 10.1155/2021/5591662.
  • (18) Zea-Robles AC, León-Ariza HH, Botero-Rosas DA, Afanador-Castañeda HD, Pinzón-Bravo LA Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y su relación con la composición corporal en estudiantes universitarios. Revista de Salud Pública. 2014;16(4):505-15, doi: 10.15446/rsap.v16n4.38878.
  • (19) Estadística de personal de las universidades (EPU). Curso 2017-2018 - Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. [accedido 18 febrero 2019]. Disponible en: http://www.educacionyfp.gob.es/servicios-al-ciudadano-mecd/estadisticas/educacion/universitaria/estadisticas/personal-universitario/personal-universitario-17-18.html.
  • (20) He L, Ren X, Qian Y, Jin Y, Chen Y, Guo D, et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among a university faculty and staffs from 2004 to 2010 in Wuhu, China. Nutr Hosp. 2014;29(5):1033-7, doi: 10.3305/nh.2014.29.5.7354.
  • (21) Braverman MT, Hoogesteger LA, Johnson JA Predictors of support among students, faculty and staff for a smoke-free university campus. Prev Med. 2015;71:114-20, doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.12.018.
  • (22) Kaplan GA, Keil JE Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature. Circulation. 1993;88(4 Pt 1):1973-98.
  • (23) Body mass index - BMI. [accedido 18 febrero 2019]. Disponible en: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi.
  • (24) WHO | Physical Activity and Adults. WHO. [accedido 18 febrero 2019]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_adults/en/.
  • (25) Huerta JM, Tormo M-J, Gavrila D, Navarro C Cardiovascular risk estimated after 13 years of follow-up in a low-incidence Mediterranean region with high-prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. BMC Public Health. 2010;10(1):640, doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-640.
  • (26) Soriguer F, Goday A, Bosch-Comas A, Bordiú E, Calle-Pascual A, Carmena R, et al. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation in Spain: the Di@bet.es Study. Diabetologia. 2012;55(1):88-93, doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2336-9.
  • (27) Ghazali SM, Seman Z, Cheong KC, Hock LK, Manickam M, Kuay LK, et al. Sociodemographic factors associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors among Malaysian adults. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:68, doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1432-z.
  • (28) Mosca L, Barrett-Connor E, Wenger NK Sex/gender differences in cardiovascular disease prevention: what a difference a decade makes. Circulation. 2011;124(19):2145-54, doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.968792.
  • (29) Amor AJ, Masana L, Soriguer F, Goday A, Calle-Pascual A, Gaztambide S, et al. Estimación del riesgo cardiovascular en España según la guía europea sobre prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular en la práctica clínica. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2015;68(05):417-25, doi: 10.1016/j.recesp.2014.05.023.
Data source: Dialnet