El proceso de la conformación científica de la historia y el papel del materialismo histórico

Resumo

This doctoral thesis has been proposed to investigate the course by which the scientific configuration of history takes shape through the philosophical analysis of G.W.F Hegel´s thought (Part I, 1st Chapter) and the way from which the articulated critiques around it, the historicism took a way for the liberation of philosophic-teologic union of history (I, 2º). Based on it, the interest on the French school of Annales (I ,3º) – especially Marc Bloch, Lucien Fevbre and Fernand Braudel-, comes for its incisive critique to historical knowledge (supposedly scientific) which implemented historicism on its historiographic experience; the strategy of a theoretical framework from which investigation could be oriented; and its methodological firm commitment to open to the other social science under construction, such as sociology, of course, but also to anthropology and economy. The important role that the approach from historiography to social science performed with Annales made that here, the process of scientific configuration of history convey through the emergence of social history. Nevertheless, considering the deficit of a specific theoretical framework above all and more or less coherent – in spite of its strategy – which accuses Annales, it is attempted to give an account on the reasons that lead to this important historiographic school to its final setback...