La gobernanza y la optimización del gasto público. Una revisión de literatura

  1. Roibert Pepito Mendoza Reyna 1
  2. Lindon Vela Meléndez 2
  3. Juan Diego Dávila Cisneros 2
  1. 1 Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Chiclayo, Perú
  2. 2 Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Perú
Journal:
Suma de Negocios

ISSN: 2027-5692,  2215-910X

Year of publication: 2024

Issue Title: enero-junio

Volume: 15

Issue: 32

Pages: 59-69

Type: Article

DOI: 10.14349/SUMNEG/2024.V15.N32.A7 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Suma de Negocios

Abstract

Introducción/Objetivo: La sociedad demanda una gestión de calidad de los recursos públicos. Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer el estado del arte sobre la relación entre la gobernanza y la optimización del gasto público. Metodología: Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico en Scopus para explorar la evolución del tema y después una revisión sistemática en Scopus, WOS y Dimensions, para seleccionar estudios empíricos sobre la relación gobernanza-gasto público mediante criterios de calidad. Se aplicó el diagrama Prisma. Resultados: El análisis bibliométrico revela un creciente interés investigativo desde 2011, con autores clave como Baldersheim, Canh y Ståhlberg. Se cumplieron leyes bibliométricas y el análisis semántico identificó clústeres que vinculan gobernanza y eficiencia del gasto. La revisión sistemática encontró un consenso generalizado: una buena gobernanza (efectividad, transparencia, control de corrupción y participación ciudadana) optimiza los resultados del gasto público. Los hallazgos empíricos convergen en cinco bloques principales: gobernanza como catalizador del impacto del gasto público, gobernanza para una mayor eficiencia sectorial del gasto, gasto público pro-pobre y gobernanza, rol moderador de las instituciones y la calidad de la gobernanza, y mecanismos de gobernanza para optimizar la gestión financiera pública. Conclusiones: Existe un sólido respaldo teórico y empírico en cuanto a que incorporar principios de gobernanza democrática, participativa y transparente es clave para canalizar eficientemente el gasto público hacia el desarrollo económico y social. Futuras investigaciones deben examinar el peso relativo de las dimensiones de gobernanza y su impacto en la asignación óptima del gasto entre sectores.

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