La resiliencia psicológica en personas con trastorno afectivo bipolar: relación con variable sociodemográficas y clínicas

Abstract

Introduction: The main objective was to analyze psychological resilience in individuals diagnosed with Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD) and to identify associated clinical and sociodemographic variables. Additionally, relationships with anxiety, depression, insight, and treatment adherence were examined. Method: Eighty-six participants, aged 18 and older, predominantly male (60.5%), diagnosed with BAD type I, II, mixed, and unspecified, in a euthymic phase, took part in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were assessed through questionnaires. Psychological resilience was measured using the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) (2011); Beck Depression Scale (1999) was employed for depression assessment; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (1978) for anxiety; Scale of Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) (2008) for illness awareness, and Morisky-Green Questionnaire (1992) for treatment adherence. Results: The average resilience score in the sample was lower than the general population, with no significant differences observed among various types of BAD. Individuals with a history of suicide attempts, a family history of mental illness, and alcohol consumption showed significantly lower resilience scores. A significant negative correlation was found between resilience and outcomes in depression and trait anxiety. Additionally, participants with lower insight exhibited lower treatment adherence. Conclusions: Individuals with BAD demonstrated lower psychological resilience scores compared to the general population. Resilience was lower in those with a history of suicide attempts, a family psychiatric history, and alcohol consumption. Furthermore, an inverse relationship was established between anxiety and depression with psychological resilience. Lastly, the relationship between insight and treatment adherence was highlighted, with lower adherence observed in individuals with lower insight. These findings underscore the importance of addressing resilience and insight in BAD, offering opportunities to enhance intervention strategies and promote a better quality of life in this population.