Infecciones del tracto urinario: Etiología y susceptibilidades antimicrobianas en un área del sur de España

Resumen

Objective: Know the etiology and antibiotic sensitivity profile of the most frequent bacteria that cause urinary tract infections in the community. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study. Carried out in the Department of Health 21 (Alicante-Spain) during the period January 2020 to December 31, 2021. 8517 uropathogens were isolated, of which 5966 corresponded to women (70%) and 2551 to men (30%). The global etiology and according to age and sex were analyzed. Results. Escherichia coli was the most isolated microorganism both in the population as a whole (51%) and in each of the groups analyzed according to age and sex. It was observed that E. coli isolated in women was significantly higher than in men (χ², p=0.041). Their sensitivity was: 91.4% fosfomycin and 81% amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Conclusions. Escherichia coli continues to be the most frequently isolated microorganism in UTI with a sensitivity rate to fosfomycin greater than 90% and to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid of 81%. Empirical treatment of UTI in our environment should include fosfomycin or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, regardless of sex and age.