Efecto de una intervención psicoeducativa en el desarrollo motor y perceptivo-visual a través de la inhibición de los reflejos primitivos en escolares de 4 a 7 anos

  1. Lidia Infante- Cañete 1
  2. Beatriz Aguilar Guerrero 1
  3. Agustín Wallace-Ruiz 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Málaga
    info

    Universidad de Málaga

    Málaga, España

    ROR https://ror.org/036b2ww28

Revista:
Revista de psicodidáctica

ISSN: 1136-1034

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 28

Número: 2

Páginas: 182-189

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.PSICOD.2023.04.001 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicodidáctica

Resumen

Se presenta la eficacia del programa Assessing Neuromotor Readiness for Learning ( Blythe, 2012 ) sobre la inhibición de los reflejos primitivos. La muestra está formada por 25 niñas y 21 niños de 4 a 7 años ( M = 4,84, DT = 1,10). Para evaluar la eficacia de la intervención se ha utilizado el Screening del Desarrollo del Instituto de Psicología Neurofisiológica de Chester, INPP (Blythe, 2012) a través de un diseño pretest-postest con grupo control. Los análisis estadísticos realizados han sido ANCOVA y ANOVA factorial, en función del cumplimiento de los supuestos. Los principales hallazgos hacen referencia a la existencia de reflejos primitivos activos en la muestra y cómo estos reflejos primitivos son sensibles a la intervención psicoeducativa de inhibición de reflejos mediante el movimiento. Además, se ha puesto de manifiesto la implicación de la inhibición de los reflejos primitivos en la mejora en el desarrollo motor, pero no en el desarrollo perceptivo-visual.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Ahmadpour, N., y Mujembari, A. K. (2015). The impact of Montessori teaching method on IQ levels of 5-year old children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 205, 122–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.09.037
  • Allen, S., y Donald, M. (1995). The effect of occupational therapy on the motor proficiency of children with motor/learning difficulties: A pilot study. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 58(9), 385–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/030802269505800906
  • Andrich, P., Shihada, M., Vinci, M., Wrenhaven, S., y Goodman, G. (2018). Statistical relationships between visual skill deficits and retained primitive reflexes in children. Optometry & Visual Performance, 3, 106–111.
  • Ayres, A. J. (1972). Improving academic scores through sensory integration. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 5(6), 338–343. https://doi.org/10.1177/002221947200500605
  • Bein-Wierzbinski, W. (2001). Persistent primitive reflexes in elementary school children. In Effect on oculo-motor and visual-perception. Paper presented in March at The 13th European Conference of Neuro-Developmental Delay in Children with Specific Learning Difficulties. Chester, UK.
  • Bender, M. L. (1976). The Bender-Purdue reflex test and training manual. Academic Therapy Publications.
  • Berne, S. A. (2006). The primitive reflexes: Considerations in the infant. Optometry & Vision Development, 37(3), 139–145.
  • Bernhardsson, K., y Davidson, K. (1983). A different way of helping children with learning difficulties–a final report from the Dala clinic. Gothenburg Educational Psychology Service.
  • Bilbilaj, S., Gjipali, A., y Shkurti, F. (2017). Measuring Primitive reflexes in children with learning disorders. European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2(5), 176–189. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p285-298
  • Black, S. (1995). Just do it. Executive Educator, 17(4), 33–36. Blomberg, H. (2014). Rhythmic movement training. Level free. BRMT and Infantil.
  • Bluechardt, M. H., Wiener, J., y Shephard, R. J. (1995). Exercise programmes in the treatment of children with learning disabilities. Sports Medicine, 19, 55–72. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199519010-00005
  • Blythe, P., y McGlown, D. J. (1979). An organic basis for neuroses and educational difficulties: A new look at the Old MBD Syndrome. Insight Pub.
  • Blythe, S. G. (2002). Reflexes, learning and behavior A window into a child’s mind. Fern Ridge Pr.
  • Blythe, S. G. (2005). Releasing educational potential through movement: A summary of individual studies carried out using the INPP test battery and developmental exercise programme for use in schools with children with special needs. Child Care in Practice, 11(4), 415–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/13575270500340234
  • Blythe, S. G. (2012). Assessing neuromotor readiness for learning: The INPP developmental screening test and school intervention programme. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Blythe, S. G. (2017). Attention balance and coordination: The ABC of learning success. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Blythe, S. G., Beuret, L. J., y Blythe, P. (2009). Attention, balance and coordination. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Blythe, S. G., y Hyland, D. (1998). Screening for neurological dysfunction in the specific learning difficulty child. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 61(10), 459–464. https://doi.org/10.1177/030802269806101008
  • Bushnell, E. W., y Boudreau, J. P. (1993). Motor development and the mind: The potential role of motor abilities as a determinant of aspects of perceptual development. Child Development, 64(4), 1005–1021. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb04184.x
  • Callcott, D. (2012). Retained primary reflexes in preprimary-aged indigenous children: The effect on movement ability and school readiness. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 37(2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/183693911203700218
  • Campos, D., Gonc¸ alves, V. M. G., Guerreiro, M. M., Santos, D. C., Goto, M. M., Arias, A. V., y Campos-Zanelli, T. M. (2012). Comparison of motor and cognitive performance in infants during the first year of life. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 24(2), 193–197.
  • Chandradasa, M., y Rathnayake, L. (2020). Retained primitive reflexes in children, clinical implications and targeted home-based interventions. Nursing Children and Young People, 35(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.7748/ncyp.2019.e1132
  • Chinello, A., Di Gangi, V., y Valenza, E. (2018). Persistent primary reflexes affect motor acts: Potential implications for autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 83, 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2016.07.010
  • da Silva Neto, J. R., Picanc¸ o, K. R. T., Moreira, Y. P., de Andrade, A. C., de Oliveira, C. A., y de Almeida, A. N. F. (2016). Efeito do método padovan em ambientes clínicos: uma revisão da literatura. Cadernos de Educac¸ ão, Saúde e Fisioterapia, 3(6). https://doi.org/10.18310/2358-8306.v3n6supl
  • Demiy, A., Kalemba, A., Lorent, M., Pecuch, A., Wola ´nska, E., Telenga, M., y Gieysztor, E. Z. (2020). A child’s perception of their developmental difficulties in relation to their adult assessment. Analysis of the INPP questionnaire, Journal of Personalized Medicine, 10(4), 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040156
  • Denervaud, S., Knebel, J. F., Hagmann, P., y Gentaz, E. (2019). Beyond executive functions, creativity skills benefit academic outcomes: Insights from Montessori education. PloS One, 14(11), e0225319. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225319
  • Diamond, A. (2000). Close interrelation of motor development and cognitive development and of the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. Child Development, 71(1), 44–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00117
  • Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750
  • Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Fredericks, C. R., Kokot, S. J., y Krog, S. (2006). Using a developmental movement programme to enhance academic skills in grade 1 learners. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 28(1), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajrs.v28i1.25929
  • Gallahue, D. L., Ozmun, J. C., y Goodway, J. (2006). Understanding motor development: Infants, children, adolescents adults. McGraw-Hill.
  • García Molina, A., Enseñat Cantallops, A., Tirapu Ustárroz, J., y Roig Rovira, T. (2009). Maduración de la corteza prefrontal y desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas durante los primeros cinco a ˜nos de vida. Revista de Neurología, 435–440.
  • García-Alix, A., y Quero, J. (2012). Tono y fuerza muscular Generalidades: Evaluación neurológica del recién nacido. Ediciones Díaz de Santos.
  • Gieysztor, E. Z., Choi ´nska, A. M., y Paprocka-Borowicz, M. (2018). Persistence of primitive reflexes and associated motor problems in healthy preschool children. Archives of Medical Science: AMS, 14(1), 167. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.60503
  • Goddard Blythe, S., Duncombe, R., Preedy, P., y Gorely, T. (2022). Neuromotor readiness for school: The primitive reflex status of young children at the start and end of their first year at school in the United Kingdom. Education 3-13, 50(5), 654–667. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2021.1895276
  • Grzywniak, C. (2016). Role of early-childhood reflexes in the psychomotor development of a child, and in learning. Acta Neuropsychologica, 14(2), 113–129. https://actaneuropsychologica.com/api/files/view/62198.pdf.
  • Grzywniak, C. (2017). Integration exercise programme for children with learning difficulties who have preserved vestigial primitive reflexes. Acta Neuropsychologica,15, 241–256.
  • Heyder, K., Suchan, B., y Daum, I. (2004). Cortico-subcortical contributions to executive control. Acta Psychologica, 115(2–3), 271–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2003.12.010
  • Hickey, J., y Feldhacker, D. R. (2022). Primitive reflex retention and attention among preschool children,. Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools & Early Intervention, 15(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/19411243.2021.1910606
  • Hoag, J. K. (2015). Developing the brain through movement [Tesis de doctorado no publicada]. University of Victoria.
  • Ivanovic, L., Ilic-Stosovic, D., Nikolic, S., y Medenica, V. (2019). Does neuromotor immaturity represents a risk for acquiring basic academic skills in school-age children? Vojnosanitetski Pregled, 76(10), 1062–1070. https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP170417011I
  • Kalemba, A., Lorent, M., Blythe, S. G., y Gieysztor, E. (2023). The correlation between residual primitive reflexes and clock reading difficulties in school-aged children—A pilot study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2322. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032322
  • Kleim, J. A., Barbay, S., Cooper, N. R., Hogg, T. M., Reidel, C. N., Remple, M. S., y Nudo, R. J. (2002). Motor learning-dependent synaptogenesis is localized to functionally reorganized motor cortex. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 77(1), 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1006/nlme.2000.4004
  • Kokot, S. J. (2003). Diagnosing and treating learning disabilities in gifted children: A neurodevelopmental perspective. Gifted Education International, 17(1), 42–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/026142940301700105
  • L ´Ecuyer, C., Bernacer, J., y Güel, F. (2020). Four pillars of the Montessori method and their support by current neuroscience. Mind, Brain, and Education, 14(4), 322–334. https://doi.org/10.1111/mbe.12262
  • Lillard, A. S. (2012). Preschool children’s development in classic Montessori, supplemented Montessori, and conventional programs. Journal of School Psychology, 50(3), 379–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2012.01.001
  • Marshall, C. (2017). Montessori education: A review of the evidence base. Science of Learning, 2(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-017-0012-7
  • Matuszkiewicz, M., y Gałkowski, T. (2021). Developmental language disorder and uninhibited primitive reflexes in young children, Journal of Speech. Language, and Hearing Research, 64(3), 935–948. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020 JSLHR-19-00423
  • McPhillips, M., Hepper, P. G., y Mulhern, G. (2000). Effects of replicating primary-reflex movements on specific reading difficulties in children: A randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. The Lancet, 355(9203), 537–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(99)02179-0
  • McPhillips, M., y Sheehy, N. (2004). Prevalence of persistent primary reflexes and motor problems in children with reading difficulties. Dyslexia, 10(4), 316–338. https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.282
  • Melillo, R., y Leisman, G. (2010). Neurobehavioral disorders of childhood: An evolutionary perspective. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Merlo, L. M. (2006). Avances en neurociencia: sinaptogénesis y aprendizaje del movimiento. Desenvolupament Infantil i Atenció Precoc¸ : Revista de l’Associació Catalana D’atenció Precoc¸ , 27, 70–86.
  • Mosquera, M. T., y Serrano, J. B. (2017). Desarrollo ontogenético del sistema nervioso central. En M. Arnedo (Coord.), Neuropsicología del desarrollo. (pp. 13–24). Panamericana.
  • Murray, G., Veijola, J., Moilanen, K., Miettunen, J., Glahn, D., Cannon, T., Jones, P., y Isohanni, M. (2006). Infant motor development is associated with adult cognitive categorisation in a longitudinal birth cohort study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(1), 25–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01450.x
  • Noguera Machacón, L. M., Herazo Beltrán, Y., y Vidarte Claros, J. A. (2013). Correlación entre perfil psicomotor y rendimiento lógico-matemático en niños de 4 a 8 años. Revista Ciencias de la Salud, 11(2), 185–194. www.scielo.org.co/pdf/recis/v11n2/v11n2a04.pdf.
  • Olivé, M. L. P. (2001). Neurobiología del desarrollo temprano. Contextos Educativos. Revista de Educación, 4, 79–94. https://doi.org/10.18172/con.487
  • Padovan, B. A. E. (1997). Reorganizacão neurofuncional-método Padovan. Jornal Brasileiro de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Maxilar, 10, 3–11.
  • Pecuch, A., Gieysztor, E., Telenga, M., Wolanska, E., Kowal, M., y Paprocka-Borowicz, M. (2020). Primitive reflex activity in relation to the sensory profile in healthy preschool children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218210
  • Pica, R. (2015). What if everybody understood child development? Straight talk about bettering education and children’s lives. Corwin Press.
  • Piek, J. P., Dyck, M. J., Nieman, A., Anderson, M., Hay, D., Smith, L. M., McCoy, M., y Hallmayer, J. (2004). The relationship between motor coordination, executive functioning, and attention in school aged children. Archives of Clinical Neuropsy- chology, 19(8), 1063–1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acn.2003.12.007
  • Rodriguez Mejia, E. (2019). Efecto de la inhibición de los reflejos primitivos en las habilidades visuo-perceptuales. [Tesis de maestría Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes]. http://hdl.handle.net/11317/1735
  • Sarlós, E. (noviembre, 2021). Investigating the association between retained primitive reflexes and partial visual abilities in children aged 4-8 years. 4Th International Conference On Advanced Research in Education. Oxford. https://www.dpublication.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/080-739.pdf
  • Summerford, C. (2001). What is the impact of exercise on brain function for academic learning? Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 12(3), 6–8.
  • Thelen, E. (2000). Motor development as foundation and future of developmental psychology. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 24(4), 385–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/016502500750037937
  • Thelen, E. (2010). Human infants are born with very little control over their bodies. Yet within objects. SAGE Directions