Factores del entorno empresarial que condicionan la actividad de las micropymes femeninas de turismo rural en Costa Rica
- GUTIÉRREZ CRUZ, MERLYN 1
- SUCH DEVESA, MARÍA JESÚS 2
- GABALDÓN QUIÑONES, PATRICIA 3
- 1 Universidad de Alcalá, España
- 2 Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, España.
- 3 Instituto de Empresa Business School, Madrid, España.
ISSN: 2530-7134
Année de publication: 2023
Volumen: 7
Número: 1
Pages: 151-173
Type: Article
D'autres publications dans: Revista Internacional de Turismo, Empresa y Territorio. RITUREM
Résumé
Este estudio analiza los factores del entorno empresarial que influyen en la actividad de las micropymes turísticas rurales dirigidas por mujeres en Costa Rica. Basándonos en la teoría institucional, se seleccionaron elementos institucionales formales (capital humano, barreras burocráticas, financiación, apoyo gubernamental) e informales (códigos de conducta, normas sociales, papel familiar) que influyen en la actividad empresarial femenina. Se realizó un análisis comparativo cualitativo difuso (fsQCA) a una muestra de 28 mujeres empresarias turísticas rurales costarricenses para conocer las interacciones entre dichos factores que afectan a la generación de ganancias. Los resultados de la investigación revelan cinco configuraciones diferentes que conducen a bajas o nulas ganancias en la actividad empresarial femenina. Los factores formales (barreras burocráticas y bajos niveles de capital humano), combinados con la presencia o la ausencia de otros factores institucionales tanto formales como informales representan una condición crítica vinculada con la baja o nula generación de ganancias. Las implicaciones teóricas de esta investigación contribuyen al conocimiento de los elementos institucionales formales e informales que afectan el crecimiento de las empresas dirigidas por mujeres en el sector turístico rural costarricense, y en las implicaciones prácticas, contribuye al fortalecimiento de la actividad empresarial femenina. Palabras claves: teoría institucional, mujeres emprendedoras, turismo rural, Costa Rica
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