El código emojide la interfaz frecuencia-función a la identidad discursiva digital

  1. Padilla, Xose A. 1
  1. 1 Universitat d'Alacant
    info

    Universitat d'Alacant

    Alicante, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05t8bcz72

Revue:
Círculo de lingüística aplicada a la comunicación

ISSN: 1576-4737

Année de publication: 2023

Titre de la publication: Monográfico: Rasgos discursivos de la voz del autor en textos especializados

Número: 93

Pages: 243-257

Type: Article

DOI: 10.5209/CLAC.83394 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccès ouvert editor

D'autres publications dans: Círculo de lingüística aplicada a la comunicación

Objectifs de Développement Durable

Résumé

This paper has two main objectives. The first one is to examine the relationship between the frequency of emojis and their pragmatic and discursive functions. The second one is to investigate how the frequency of use and its relationship with the aforementioned variables (the meanings conveyed or expressed by them) can provide relevant information about the ‘digital discursive identity’ of users. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that an emoji is significantly more frequent if it represents a non-verbal element; is used to mitigate possible conflicts; expresses irony and humour; is repeatable; and can be used by both women and men (unisex). In relation to digital discursive identity, it is possible to point out that men and women indistinctly use those emojis that aim to mitigate possible conflicts, enhance commonality and ensure a polite, fun and pleasant atmosphere in the chats (a necessary condition). Men, however, unlike women, see part of their choices determined by other social reasons such as ‘masculine identity’. This factor could explain, on the one hand, a lesser use of emojis in general, perhaps due to a supposed attribution of this code to women; but, especially, it helps to understand the lack of those emojis (sadness, fear, plea, flowers, etc.) whose use could infer some kind of weakness, hypothetically related to a ‘feminine identity’.

Références bibliographiques

  • Ayan, Erdal (2020). Descriptive Analysis of Emoticons/Emoji and Persuasive Digital Language Use in WhatsApp Messages. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 10, 375-389. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2020.104022.
  • Bach, Kent & Harnish, Robert M. (1979). Linguistic Communication and Speech Acts. Cambridge/ London: M.I.T. Press.
  • Bach, Carme & Costa, Joan (2020). Las conversaciones de wasap: ¿un nuevo género entre lo oral y lo escrito? Signos. Estudios de Lingüística, 53 (104), 1-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-09342020000300568.
  • Briz, Antonio, & grupo Val.Es.Co. (2002): Corpus de conversaciones coloquiales, Madrid: Arco Libros.
  • Briz, Antonio, & grupo Val.Es.Co. (2014) Las unidades del discurso oral.La propuesta Val.Es.Co. de segmentación de la conversación (coloquial). Estudios de Lingüística del Español, 35 (1), 11-71.
  • Calero-Vaquera, Ana M. (2014). El discurso de WhatsApp: entre el Messenger y el SMS. Oralia, 17, 85-114.
  • Cantamutto, Lucía (2017). Estrategias pragmáticas de la comunicación por SMS en español bonaerense. (Tesis doctoral inédita). Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
  • Cantamutto, Lucía & Cristina Vela (2019). Emojis frecuentes en las interacciones por WhatsApp: estudio comparativo entre dos variedades de español (Argentina y España). Círculo de Lingüística Aplicada a la Comunicación 77, 107-136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5209/CLAC.63282.
  • Darvin, Ron (2016). Language and identity in the digital age. En Sian Preece (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and identity. Abingdon: Routledge, 523-540.
  • Dainas, Ashley & Herring, Susan C. (2021). Interpreting emoji pragmatics. En Chaoquin Xie, Francisco Yus, & Hartmut Haberland (Eds.), Approaches to internet pragmatics, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 17-26.
  • Dresner, Eli, & Herring, Susan C. (2010). Functions of the Nonverbal in CMC: Emoticons and llocutionary Force. Communication Theory, 20(3), 249-268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2010.01362.x.
  • Derks, Dantje, Bos, Arjan E. R., & von Grumbkow, Jasper (2007). Emoticons and social interaction on the Internet: The importance of social context. Computers in Human Behaviour, 23, 842–849. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2004.11.013.
  • García-Arriola, Manuel (2014). Análisis de un corpus de conversaciones en “WhatsApp”. Aplicación del sistema de unidades conversacionales propuesto por el Grupo Val.Es.Co. (Trabajo Fin de Máster). Universidad de La Coruña, España.
  • García-Pastor, M. Dolores (2020). Researching Identity and L2 Pragmatics in Digital Stories: A Relational Account, CALICO Journal, 37.1, 46-65.
  • Gawne, Lauren, & McCulloch, Gretchen (2019). Emoji as digital gestures. Language@Internet, 17, article 2. Retrieved from https://www.languageatinternet.org/articles/2019/gawne
  • Ge, Jing & Herring, Susan C. (2018). Communicative functions of emoji sequences on Sina Weibo. First Monday, 23, 5-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v23i11.9413
  • Guimarães, Rita G, Renata L. Rosa, Denise De Gaetano, Demóstenes Z. Rodríguez and Graça Bressan (2017). Age Groups Classification in Social Network Using Deep Learning, IEEE Access, 5, 10805-10816. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2706674.
  • Goffman, Edwin (1967). Interaction Rituals. Essays on face-to-face behaviour. Penguin: Harmondworth.
  • Georgalou, Mariza (2017). Discourse and identity on Facebook. London: Bloomsbury. Hanssen, Jette G. & Jun Liu (1997). Social Identity and Language: Theoretical and Methodological Issues. TESOL Quarterly, 31/3, 567-576. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3587839
  • Heller, Monica (1987). The role of language in the formation of ethnic identity. En Jean Phinney & Mary J. Rotheram (Eds.), Children’s ethnic socialization. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 180-200.
  • Huffaker, David A. & Sandra L. Carvert (2005). Gender, Identity, and Language Use in Teenage Blogs, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10, 2,12-16
  • Koch, Timo K., Peter Romero & Clemens Stachl (2022). Age and gender in language, emoji, and emoticon usage in instant messages. Computers in Human Behavior, 126, 34-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106990
  • Lakoff, Robin (1973). The Logic of Politeness, or Minding your P’s and Q’s. Proceedings of the Ninth regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 345-356.
  • Li, Li & Yang, Yue (2018). Pragmatic functions of emoji in internet-based communication- a corpus-based study, Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 3/16: 2-12.
  • López-Rúa, Paula (2021). Men and women on Twitter: A preliminary account of British emoji usage in terms of preferred topics and gender-related habits. Language@Internet, 19, 3-24.
  • Ljubešic, Nicola & Fišer, Daria (2016). A global analysis of emoji usage. 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 7 (12), 82-89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/W16-2610
  • Maíz Arévalo, Carmen (2014). A pragmatic and multimodal analysis of emoticons and gender in social networks. En A. Sánchez Macarro & A. Cabrejas Peñuelas (Coords.), New Insights into Genedered DiscoursivePractices: Language, Gender and Identity Construction. Valencia: Universitat de València, 175-197.
  • Norton, Bonny, & De Costa, Peter (2018). Research tasks on identity in language learning and teaching. Language Teaching, 51, 92–112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444817000325
  • Perniss, Pamela (2018): Why We Should Study Multimodal Language, Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01109/full
  • Prada, Marilla, Rodrigues, David L., Garrido, Margarida V., Lopes, Diniz, Cavalheiro, Bernardo, & Gaspar, Rui (2018). Motives, frequency and attitudes toward emoji and emoticon use. Telematics and Informatics, 35(7), 1925–1934. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.06.005
  • Price, Rob (2015). Texting Is In Decline. Retrieved from http://uk.businessinsider.com/whatsapp-vs-texting-statistics-2015-1
  • Rashdi, Fathiya (2015). Forms and functions of emojis in WhatsApp interaction among Omanis. (Tesis doctoralinédita). Georgetown University, Estados Unidos.
  • Syahfitri, Rahma & Sumarsih Natsir, (2021). Emoji in WhatsApp Group Conversation: Study on Barthes Theory of Semiotics, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 591, 1-5.
  • Sampietro, Agnese (2016). Emoticonos y emojis: análisis de su historia, difusión y uso en la comunicación digital actual. (Tesis doctoral inédita). Universitat de València, València, España.
  • Sampietro, Agnese (2020). Emoticonos y emojis: su relación con la cortesía en la comunicación digital. En María E. Placencia & Xose A. Padilla (2020) (Eds.). Guía práctica de pragmática del español (pp. 136-146), London: Routledge.
  • Searle, John (1969), Speech acts: An essay in the philosophy of language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Searle, John (1976): A classification of illocutionary acts, Language in Society, 5,1-23.
  • Skiba, Diane (2016). Are Emoji a Sign of Things to Come in Health Care? Nursing Education Perspectives, 37/1, 56-57.
  • Tajfel, Henri (1974). Social identity and intergroup behavior. Social Science Information, 13, 65-93.
  • Tajfel, Henri (1981). Social stereotypes and social groups. En John C. Turner & Howard Giles (Eds.), Intergroup behavior(pp. 144-167). Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
  • Vigliocco, Gabriella, Perniss, Paula & Vinson, David (2014): Language as a multimodal phenomenon: implications for language learning, processing and evolution, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci., 19, 369, 1-7.
  • Xu, Lingling, Yi, Chen, & Xu, Yunjie (2007). Emotional expression online: The impact of task, relationship and personality perception on emoticon usage in Instant Messenger. Proceedings of the 11th Pacific-Asia Conference on Information Systems. Auckland (New Zealand). Retrived from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221228740_Emotional_Expression_Online_the_Impact_of_Task_Relationship_and_Personality_Perception_on_Emoticon_Usage_in_Instant_Messenger.
  • Yus, Francisco (2015). Discourse and identity. En James D. Wright, (ed.), International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences (pp. 498-502.), Oxford: Elsevier.
  • Yus, Francisco (2016). Towards a cyberpragmatics of mobile instant messaging. En Jesús Romero (Ed.), Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics 2016: Global Implications for Culture and Society in the Networked Age (pp. 7-26), Berlin: Springer.
  • Yus, Francisco (2020). La construcción de la identidad en las redes sociales. En M. Elena Placencia & Xose A. Padilla (eds.), Guía práctica de pragmática del español, Londres: Routledge, pp. 220-29
La source de données: Dialnet