Destrezas necesarias para el acceso al empleola perspectiva de familias, profesionales y personas con discapacidad intelectual

Abstract

Employment is considered as one of the fundamental rights in Western societies. However, people with intellectual disabilities are still being discriminated in this area. One of the factors that could cause this discrimination are the beliefs of people around them, such as their parents, professionals, and also their self-beliefs. Using a quantitative approach and an descriptive non experimental design, questionnaires were administered to 110 families, 48 professionals and 50 people with intellectual disabilities, all of them belonging to an specific association. Additionally, interviews were conducted to 8 families and 6 professionals. Ten people with intellectual disabilities participated in interviews and one focused group. Research goal was to find out what skills they considered essential for the training for employment access, and also compare the differences between these three groups. The results indicated that the three groups considered as very important work skills, followed by the skills of personal life, community life and home life. However, there were differences in some specific skills. All three groups expressed difficulty dealing with this training. Among the findings, highlights the importance of addressing differential early vocational guidance, the need to prioritize training in work skills and personal life skills, promote self-determination of young people with intellectual disabilities, and do family guidance meanwhile the training of the student with intellectual disability.