Intervención enfermera en prevención secundaria a pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica en Atención Primaria

  1. Gema Gallego Treviño
  2. Concepción Carratalá Munuera
  3. Miguel Ánglel Núñez Martínez
  4. Antoni Pastor Monerris
  5. Elena López Acuña
  6. Loreto Cruz Bonmati
Revue:
Revista Iberoamericana de Enfermería Comunitaria: RIdEC

ISSN: 1988-5474

Année de publication: 2014

Titre de la publication: Enfermería Comunitaria

Volumen: 7

Número: 1

Pages: 57-69

Type: Article

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D'autres publications dans: Revista Iberoamericana de Enfermería Comunitaria: RIdEC

Résumé

Patients with cardiovascular diseases deserve a highest priority in cardiovascular prevention due to: their risk is higher, interventions are more effective, and a larger benefit can be obtained. However less than 50% of patients reach a good control of main risk factors (LDL-cholesterol, blood pressure). Purpose: Novel models for chronic care provide new procedural strategies that can be used in these patients. Such models have been implemented in the present study to alter adherence to non-pharmacological measures (diet, physical activity, smoking). Methods: Six individual nursing visits were planned over a one-year follow-up period. The following items were assessed: Mediterranean diet (14-point scale), exercise, smoking, and blood pressure control (BP < 140/90) and laboratory findings (LDL-cholesterol <100 mg/dl). Results and conclusions: The following changes from baseline values were observed at the end of the program: usual physical activity (67.7 vs 86.2; p < 0.05); non-smokers (84.2 vs 94.6; p < 0.05); SBP < 140 mmHg (70.2 vs 76.0; p < 0.05); DBP < 90 mmHg (93.0 vs 95.2 NS); Mediterranean diet score (9.7 vs 10.5; p < 0.05). Furthermore, a 37% decrease from previous year in clinic visits over one year was observed (13.04 vs 8.06; p < 0.05). Nursing intervention has improved risk factors in patients with ischemic heart disease.

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