El gobierno de los emperadores-usurpadores en la Hispania Tardoantigua (350-425 d.C.)

Resumo

ABSTRACT: The objective of this Doctoral Thesis is the study of government of Emperors-usurpers over Late Roman Spain between the years 350-425 A. D. These usurpers are: Magnentius (350-353), Julian the Apostate (360-361), Magnus Maximus (383-388), Eugenius (392-394), Constantine III (407-411), Priscus Attalus (414), Maximus (rebelled twice in the decade of 410s) and John (423-425). This study has been done through the analysis of antique (Ammianus Marcellinus, Orosius, Olympiodorus, Zosimus, etc.) and medieval sources (mainly byzantine and oriental chronicles), the epigraphy (mostly milestones) and the numismatics (minting of coins). Moreover, this study stands for a bibliographic repertory of Roman usurpers of Occident and others related topics (prosopography, epigraphy, numismatics, etc.). The first chapter is a brief summary about the concept of usurper (tyrannus/????????), the etymology of this word and the different terms used for historiography (Chap. 1). Magnentius and his brother Decentius probably ruled in Spain during the years 350-352 to judge by numerous milestone inscriptions (Chap. 2). Julian continued his previous government as Caesar (Chap. 3). Magnus Maximus, native of Spain, and his son Flavius Victor ruled in diocesis Hispaniarum and they created the Nova Provincia Maxima (Chap. 4). Eugenius probably ruled nominally in Spain for two years (392-394) (Chap. 5). Constantine III sent his son, Constans, to seize Spain in 408 (Chap. 6), but Gerontius rebelled against them and he appointed emperor to Maximus. Maximus was exiled and again proclaimed emperor by the Vandals (Chap. 7). Priscus Attalus was proclaimed emperor, for the second time, in Gaul by Goth king Ataulf in 414 (Chap. 8). The last usurper was John, whose control over Spain was very doubtful (Chap. 9). Other usurpations and rebellions could also affect to Spain (for example, Gildo or Jovinus) (Chap. 10). The results show that the main interest of the usurpers by Spain is strategic and part of its plans to conquer the whole Roman West (Chap. 11). The originality of the research resides in the study the government of the usurpers in Late Roman Spain. KEYWORDS: Roman Empire, Late Antiquity, Spain, Usurper, Magnentius, Julian, Magnus Maximus, Eugenius, Constantine III, Maximus, Attalus, John. TESAURO: 550401 HISTORIA ANTIGUA 550503 EPIGRAFÍA 550506 NUMISMÁTICA CÓDIGO DE CLASIFICACIÓN UNESCO: 550401 HISTORIA ANTIGUA 550503 EPIGRAFÍA 550506 NUMISMÁTICA