Influencia de la pseudopatela baja sobre la artroplastia de rodilla

Resumen

Introducción: La evidencia disponible sobre la pseudopatela baja (PPB) es limitada. El propósito de este estudio era investigar prospectivamente la aparición de PPB después de la artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR) primaria y sus consecuencias clínicas en una serie de pacientes con un seguimiento mínimo de 2 años. La PPB se definió como una rótula distalmente desplazada en relación con la tróclea femoral con ausencia de acortamiento del tendón rotuliano debido a la elevación de la línea articular. Desarrollo teórico: Métodos: Serie prospectiva de 354 pacientes con una edad media de 71,7 (rango, 52-87) años. La evaluación clínica fue realizada por la Knee Society Scores (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Short-Form 12-item (SF12) y rango de movimiento (ROM). La altura de la rótula se evaluó mediante los índices de Insall-Salvati (ISR) y Blackburne-Peel (BPR). Resultados: El seguimiento medio fue de 3,6 (rango, 2,0-6,6) años. En el posoperatorio, 286 (80,7%) pacientes tenían una altura patelar normal, 17 (4,8%) una verdadera patela baja (VPB) y 51 (14,4%) una PPB. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los 3 grupos en la escala KSS-función media (p= 0,107), ROM (p= 0,408), WOMAC-dolor (p= 0,095), WOMAC-rigidez (p= 0,279) o SF12-mental (p= 0,363). Entre los grupos normales y PPB, no hubo diferencias significativas en la media de KSS-rodilla (p= 0,903), WOMAC-función (p= 0,294) o SF12-físico (p= 0,940). Sin embargo, el grupo TPB tuvo una media de KSS-rodilla (p= 0,031), WOMAC-función (p= 0,018) y SF12-física (p= 0,005) significativamente peores en comparación con los otros 2 grupos. 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