Las funciones ejecutivas como predictoras del nivel de pericia en jugadores de baloncesto

  1. Alarcon López, Francisco 1
  2. Ureña Ortín, Nuria 2
  3. Castillo, Alberto 1
  4. Martín Carmona, Daniel
  5. Cárdenas Vélez, David 3
  1. 1 Universidad Católica San Antonio
    info

    Universidad Católica San Antonio

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05b1rsv17

  2. 2 Universidad de Murcia
    info

    Universidad de Murcia

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03p3aeb86

  3. 3 Universidad de Granada
    info

    Universidad de Granada

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04njjy449

Mostrar afiliaciones +
Revista:
Revista de psicología del deporte

ISSN: 1132-239X,  1988-5636

Año de publicación: 2017

Título del ejemplar: Congreso Ibérico de Baloncesto

Volumen: 26

Número: 1

Páginas: 71-74

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicología del deporte

Resumen

Interaction Sports are developed in extremely variable, unpredictable contexts, which means that the level of entropy is very high. In these environments, where decision making is decisive for sporting success, the participation of the central executive plays a key role. The aim of this study was to explore the potential importance of executive functions such as predictive value of the level of expertise of basketball players. A total of 34 men basketball players, of whom 12 belonged to a professional team of the ACB league (M = 25.2 years), 12 a semi-pro team of the EBA league (M = 20.7 years) and 10 of a regional amateur league team (M = 22.7 years) were evaluated. Design Fluency Test was used for cognitive flexibility and Stroop interference test for the inhibitory capacity. Differences between the means of the ACB players and those of the other two groups, but not between semiprofessional and amateurs were found. The results show a greater cognitive flexibility of professional basketball players over non professional players but instead does not distinguish between groups when referring to the inhibitory capacity. Considering that the first test also measures working memory and inhibitory capacity, the overall results point to the importance of executive functions in basketball and are consistent with those of previous studies indicating that elite athletes compared to sub-elite or novice have superior cognitive performance, although in this case highly specialized.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abernethy, B., Baker, J., y Côté, J. (2005). Transfer of pattern recall skills may contribute to the development of sport expertise. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, 705-718.
  • Alves, H., Voss, M. W., Boot, W. R., Deslandes, A., Cossich, V., Salles, J. I., y Kramer, A. F. (2013). Perceptual-cognitive expertise in elite volleyball players. Frontiers in Psychology, 4. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00036.
  • Banich M.T. (2009). Executive function: The search for an integrated account. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 18(2), 89–94.
  • Best, J. R. (2010). Effects of physical activity on children’s executive function: Contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise. Developmental Review, 30, 331-351.
  • Brady F. (2008). The contextual interference effect and sport skills. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 106, 461–472.
  • Burgess D.J., y Naughton G.A. (2010). Talent development in adolescent team sports: a review. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 5, 103–116.
  • Cárdenas, D., Conde-González, J., y Perales, J. C. (2015). El papel de la carga mental en la planificación del entrenamiento deportivo. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 24, 91-100.
  • Carey, J. R., Bhatt, E., y Nagpal, A. (2005). Neuroplasticity promoted by task complexity. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 33, 24–31.
  • Chaddock, L., Neider, M. B., Voss, M. W., Gaspar, J. G., y Kramer, A. F. (2011). Do athletes excel at everyday tasks? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43, 1920-1926.
  • Cross, E. S., Schmitt, P. J., y Grafton, S. T. (2007). Neural substrates of contextual interference during motor learning support a model of active preparation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19, 1854–1871.
  • Delis D.C., Kaplan E, y Kramer J.H. (2001). The Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Manual. San Antonio, TX: PsychCorp, a division of Pearson.
  • Faubert, J. (2013). Professional athletes have extraordinary skills for rapidly learning complex and neutral dynamic visual scenes. Scientific Reports, 3, 11-54.
  • Finkenzeller, T., Würth, S., y Amesberger, G. (2014). Mental competencies and executive functioning in Austrian junior elite Alpine skiers and soccer players. In E. Müller, J. Kröll, S. Lindinger, J. Pfusterschmied, y T. Stöggl (Eds.), Science and Skiing VI. Meyer & Meyer: United Kingdom.
  • Huijgen, B. C., Leemhuis, S., Kok, N. M., Verburgh, L., Oosterlaan, J., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., y Visscher, C. (2015). Cognitive Functions in Elite and Sub-Elite Youth Soccer Players Aged 13 to 17 Years. PloS one, 10, e0144580. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144580
  • Macnamara, B. N., Moreau, D., y Hambrick, D. Z. (2016). The Relationship Between Deliberate Practice and Performance in Sports A Meta-Analysis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11, 333-350.
  • Mann D.T., Williams A.M., Ward P., y Janelle C.M. (2007) Perceptual-cognitive expertise in sport: a meta-analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol 29, 457–478.
  • Mangine, G. T., Hoffman, J. R., Wells, A. J., Gonzalez, A. M., Rogowski, J. P., Townsend, J. R., Jajtner, A. R., Beyer, K. S., Bohner, J. D., Pruna, G. J., Fragala, M. S., y Stout, J. R. (2014). Visual Tracking Speed Is Related to Basketball-Specific Measures of Performance in NBA Players. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 28, 2406-2414.
  • Martín, I., Chirosa, L. J., Reigal, R. E., Hernández, A., Juárez, R., y Guisado, R. (2014). Efectos de la actividad física sobre las funciones ejecutivas en una muestra de adolescentes. Anales de Psicología, 31, 962-971.
  • Martins, N. y Gotuzo, A. (2015). Is it possible to promote executive functions in preschoolers? A case study in Brazil. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 9(6). doi:10.1186/s40723-015-0010-2
  • Martin, K., Staiano, W., Menaspà, P., Hennessey, T., Marcora, S., Keegan, R. y Rattray, B. (2016). Superior Inhibitory Control and Resistance to Mental Fatigue in Professional Road Cyclists. PloS one, 11(7), e0159907.
  • Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A. y Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex frontal lobe tasks: a latent variable analysis. Cognition Psychology, 41, 49-100.
  • Pesce, C., Crova, C., Marchetti, R., Struzzolino, I., Masci, I., Vannozzi, G. y Forte, R. (2013). Searching for cognitively optimal challenge point in physical activity for children with typical and atypical motor development. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 6, 172–180.
  • Romeas, T., Guldner, A., y Faubert, J. (2015). 3D-Multiple Object Tracking task performance improves passing decision-making accuracy in soccer players. Psychology of Sport y Exercise, 22, 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.06.002.
  • Verbugh, L., Scherder, E., van Lange, P. y Oosterlaan, J. (2015). Executive Functioning in highly talented Soccer Players. PLoS One 9(3), e91254. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091254
  • Verburgh, L., Königs, M., Scherder, E. J., y Oosterlaan, J. (2013). Physical exercise and executive functions in preadolescent children, adolescents and young adults: a meta-analysis. British journal of sports medicine, 48, 973-979. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091441
  • Vestberg T., Gustafson R., Maurex L., Ingvar M., y Petrovic, P. (2012) Executive Functions Predict the Success of Top-Soccer Players. plos one 7(4), e34731. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034731
  • Williams, M. A. (2000). Perceptual skill in soccer: implications for talent identification and development. Journal Sports Sciences, 18, 737-750.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet