Política e instituciones económicas en el "nuevo Estado"

Resum

In this article, the author analyses the economic policy of the "New State" in post-Civil War Spain. The first stage of this policy was to restore ownership rights and change back the balance of economic power to what it was before the establishment of the Second Republic. Once this had been done, a markedly interventionist economic policy was progressively implemented, the ultimate aim of which was to attain total self-sufficiency. This involved the creation of genuine economic institutions, which had been non-existent before the war, and whose activity was particularly noticeable during the first two decades of the Franco regime. The author makes a distinction between "restitutive institutions", which fulfilled their purpose within a few months, "autarchic institutions", whose main concern was to increase production in order to achieve self-sufficiency and avoid imports, and "interventionist institutions", which served the State by controlling the production, marketing and sale of almost all products. The end result of this policy was a fiasco on a scale unprecedented in the contemporary history of Spain.