Incertidumbre de medida en ruido ambiental según la ISO 1996-2:2007aplicación a un estudio acústico

Abstract

The GUM (Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement) establishes general rules for evaluating and expressing uncertainty of measurement that can be applied in most fields of physical measurements. It uses a mathematical model to assess the uncertainty, this model should include all quantities that can make a significant contribution to the uncertainty associated with the test result. It consists of several components, some related to the statistical distribution of results of series of measurements and others assumpt probability distributions, based on experience or other information such as calibration certificates for example. ISO 1996-2: 2007 is based on GUM and apply to environmental noise. The uncertainty of the sound pressure levels depends on the sound source and the time interval measurement, the operating conditions (repeatability), soil conditions and climate, distance from the source, the method of measurement and instrumentation and the residual sound. The uncertainty in measurement is expressed as an expanded uncertainty based on the combined standard uncertainty multiplied by a coverage factor of 2, which gives a coverage probability of approximately 95%. The uncertainty associated to an acoustic study based on a road with continuous noise is calculated.