Blunted Electrodermal and Psychological Response to Acute Stress in Family Caregivers of People with Eating Disorders

  1. Nicolás Ruiz-Robledillo 1
  2. Ángel Romero-Martínez 1
  3. Luis Moya-Albiol 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Valencia (Spain)
Revista:
The Spanish Journal of Psychology

ISSN: 1138-7416

Año de publicación: 2016

Volumen: 19

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2016.24 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: The Spanish Journal of Psychology

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Caring for an offspring with an eating disorder (ED) is associated with high levels of distress, and health problems. Indeed, ED caregivers have to cope with a range of challenges related to their caring role, which represents a chronic stress situation. This tends to alter body homeostasis and caregivers’ health status. This study aimed to analyse the electrodermal reactivity and psychological response to acute stress in ED caregivers compared to non-caregivers. As expected, caregivers showed lower electrodermal (p < .001, η2partial = .269 for SCL and p < .01, η2partial = .214 for NSCRs) and psychological response (p < .05, η2partial = .198) to acute stress than non-caregivers. The findings suggest the existence of physiological adaptation to chronic stress in family caregivers of people with EDs.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Anastasiadou D., Medina-Pradas C., Sepulveda A. R., & Treasure J. (2014). A systematic review of family caregiving in eating disorders. Eating Behaviors, 15, 464–477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.06.001
  • Bayat M. (2007). Evidence of resilience in families of children with autism. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51, 702–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2007. 00960.x
  • Boucsein W. (2012). Electrodermal activity. New York, NY: Plenum Press.
  • Society for Psychophysiological Research Ad Hoc Committee on Electrodermal Measures (2012). Publication recommendations for electrodermal measurements. Psychophysiology, 49, 1017–1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01384.x
  • Carroll D., Phillips A. C., Ring C., Der G., & Hunt K. (2005). Life events and hemodynamic stress reactivity in the middle-aged and elderly. Psychophysiology 42, 269–276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986. 2005.00282.x
  • De Andrés-García S., Moya-Albiol L., & González-Bono E. (2012). Salivary cortisol and immunoglobulin A: Responses to stress as predictors of health complaints reported by caregivers of offspring with autistic spectrum disorder. Hormones and Behavior, 62, 464–474. http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.08.003
  • de la Rie S. M., van furth E. F., De Koning A., Noordenbos G., & Donker M. C. H. (2005). The quality of life of family caregivers of eating disorder patients. Eating Disorders. The Journal of Treatment & Prevention 13, 345–351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10640260591005236
  • Dias R., Santos R. L., Barroso de Sousa M. F., Lima Nogueira M. M., Torres B., Belfort T., & Nascimento Dourado M. C. (2015). Resilience of caregivers of people with dementia: A systematic review of biological and psychosocial determinants. Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 37(1), 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/ 2237-6089-2014-0032
  • Dickerson S. S., & Kemeny M. E. (2004). Acute stressors and cortisol responses: A theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 355–391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909. 130.3.355
  • Evans G. W., & Kim P. (2007). Childhood poverty and health: Cumulative risk exposure and stress dysregulation. Psychological Science, 18, 953–957. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.02008.x
  • Eysenck H. J. (1983). Stress, disease, and personality: The ‘‘inoculation effect.’’ In C. L. Cooper (Ed.), Stress Research. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Fernández-Lansac V., Crespo López M., Cáceres R., & Rodríguez-Poyo M. (2012). Resilience in caregivers of patients with dementia: A preliminary study. Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología, 47, 102–109. http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.regg.2011.11.004
  • Fuentes I., Balaguer I., Meliá J., & García-Merita M. (1995). Forma abreviada del Perfil de Estados de Ánimo [Abbreviated form of Profile of Mood States (POMS)]. In E. Cantón (Ed.), Libro de Actas del V Congreso Nacional de Psicología de la Actividad Física y el Deporte [Proceedings of the V National Congress of Physical Activity and Sport Psychology]. Valencia, Spain: Universitat de València.
  • Gonçalves T., & Graça M. (2011). Variables fisiológicas y sobrecarga familiar en hijos de enfermos oncológicos. [Physiological variables and family burden in children of cancer patients]. Revista Argentina de Clínica Psicológica, 20, 255–263.
  • Graap H., Bleich S., Herbst F., Tristmann Y., Wancata J., & de Zwaan M. (2008). The needs of carers of patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. European Eating Disorders Review, 16(1), 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1002/erv.804
  • Gump B. B., & Matthews K. A. (1999). Do background stressors influence reactivity to and recovery from acute stressors? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 469–494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999. tb01397.x
  • Hillege S., Beale B., & McMaster R. (2006). Impact of eating disorders on family life: Individual parents' stories. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15, 1016–1022. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01367.x
  • Jáuregui Lobera I., Garrido O., Santiago Fernández M. J., & Alvarez Bautista E. (2010). Social comparison as a coping strategy among caregivers of eating disorder patients. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 17, 775–782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010. 01611.x
  • Kirschbaum C., Pirke K. M., & Hellhammer D. H. (1993). The ‘Trier Social Stress Test’ a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology, 28, 76–81.
  • Kudielka B. M., Buske-Kirschbaum A., Hellhammer D. H., & Kirschbaum C. (2004). Differential heart rate reactivity and recovery after psychosocial stress (TSST) in healthy children, younger adults, and elderly adults: The impact of age and gender. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 11, 116–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/ s15327558ijbm1102_8
  • Kyriacou O., Treasure J., & Schmidt U. (2008). Understanding how parents cope with living with someone with anorexia nervosa: Modeling the factors that are associated with carer distress. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 41, 233–242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ eat.20488
  • Las Hayas C., López de Arroyabe E., & Calvete E. (2015). Resilience in family caregivers of persons with acquired brain injury. Rehabilitation Psychology, 60, 295–302. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1037/rep0000040
  • Martín J., Padierna A., Aguirre U., Quintana J. M., Hayas C. L., & Muños P. (2011). Quality of life among caregivers of patients with eating disorders. Quality of Life Research, 20, 1359–1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ s11136-011-9873-z
  • Martín J., Padierna A., van Wijngaarden B., Aguirre U., Anton A., Muñoz P., & Quintana J. M. (2015). Caregivers consequences of care among patients with eating disorders, depression or schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry, 15(1), 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-015-0507-9
  • McEwen B. S. (1998). Stress, adaptation, and disease: Allostasis and allostatic load. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 840(1), 33–44. http://dx.doi. org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09546.x
  • McEwen B. S., & Wingfield J. C. (2003). The concept of allostasis in biology and biomedicine. Hormones and Behavior, 43(1), 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0018-506X(02)00024-7
  • Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (2009). Guía de práctica clínica sobre trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. [Clinical practice guideline on eating disorders.] Barcelona, Spain: Agència d´Avaluació de Tecnologia i Recerca Mèdiques de Cataluña.
  • Miquel M., Fuentes I., Garcıa-Merita M., & Rojo L. (1999). Habituation and sensitization processes in depressive disorders. Psychopathology, 32(1), 35–42. http://dx.doi. org/10.1159/000029064
  • Morandé G., Celada J., & Casas J. J. (1999). Prevalence of eating disorders in a Spanish school-age population. Journal of Adolescent Health, 24, 212–219. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/S1054-139X(98)00025-1
  • Murali R., & Chen E. (2005). Exposure to violence and cardiovascular and neuroendocrine measures in adolescents. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 30, 155–163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324796abm3002_8
  • Orive M., Padierna A., Martin J., Aguirre U., González N., Muñoz P., & Quintana J. M. (2013). Anxiety and depression among caregivers of patients with eating disorders and their change over 1 year. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 48, 1503–1512. http://dx.doi. org/10.1007/s00127-013-0662-6
  • Peláez-Fernández M. A., Labrador F. J., & Raich R. M. (2007). Prevalence of eating disorders among adolescent and young adult scholastic population in the region of Madrid (Spain). Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 62, 681–690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores. 2006.12.010
  • Ruiz-Lázaro P., Alonso J., Comet P., Lobo A., & Velilla M. (2005). Prevalence of eating disorders in Spain: A survey on a representative sample of adolescents. In P. Swain, (Ed.), Trends in eating disorders research (pp. 85–108, 1st Ed.). New York, NY: Pamela Swain.
  • Ruiz-Robledillo N., Bellosta-Batalla M., & Moya-Albiol L. (2015). Lower cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress in informal caregivers of people with autism spectrum disorder than in non-caregivers: Implications for health outcomes. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 98(1), 143–150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.07.011
  • Ruiz-Robledillo N., & Moya-Albiol L. (2015). Lower electrodermal activity to acute stress in caregivers of people with autism spectrum disorder: An adaptive habituation to stress. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45, 576–588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ s10803-013-1996-3
  • Ruiz-Robledillo N., De Andrés-García S., Pérez-Blasco J., González-Bono E., & Moya-Albiol L. (2014). Highly resilient coping entails better perceived health, high social support and low morning cortisol levels in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 686–695. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.12.007
  • Santonastaso P., Saccon D., & Favaro A. (1997). Burden and psychiatric symptoms on key relatives of patients with eating disorders: A preliminary study. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 2(1), 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03339949
  • Schulz R., & Sherwood P. R. (2008). Physical and mental health effects of family caregiving. American Journal of Nursing, 108, 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01. NAJ.0000336406.45248.4c
  • Sepúlveda A. R., Graell M., Berbel E., Anastasiadou D., Botella J., Carrobles J. A., & Morandé G. (2012). Factors associated with emotional well-being in primary and secondary caregivers of patients with eating disorders. European Eating Disorders Review, 20(1), e78–e84. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.1118
  • Smink F. R., van Hoeken D., & Hoek H. W. (2012). Epidemiology of eating disorders: Incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Current Psychiatry Reports, 14, 406–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y
  • Soares A. J. (2009). Variáveis psicossociais e reactividade emocional em cuidadores de dependentes de substâncias [Psychosocial variables and emotional reactivity in caregivers of people with substances dependence]. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Minho, Minho, Portugal.
  • Thorell L. H., Kjellman B., & D’Elia G. (1987). Electrodermal activity in relation to diagnostic subgroups and symptoms of depressive patients. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 76, 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb02941.x
  • Treasure J., Murphy T., Szmukler T., Todd G., Gavan K., & Joyce J. (2001). The experience of caregiving for severe mental illness: A comparison between anorexia nervosa and psychosis. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 36, 343–347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001270170039
  • Whitney J., Haigh R., Weinman J., & Treasure J. (2007). Caring for people with eating disorders: Factors associated with psychological distress and negative caregiving appraisals in carers of people with eating disorders. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 46, 413–428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/014466507X173781
  • Zabala M. J., Macdonald P., & Treasure J. (2009). Appraisal of caregiving burden, expressed emotion and psychological distress in families of people with eating disorders: A systematic review. European Eating Disorders Review, 17, 338–349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.925
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet